The Charter Of Rights And Freedom - 2268 Words

The Charter of Rights and Freedom and its Effect on Canada Prabhjot Banipal 10 Dec 2014 Topic 4 University of the Fraser Valley The Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a bill of rights granted constitutional status that was introduced in the Constitution Act of 1982 by Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau. The Constitution Act is also known as the repatriation of the Canadian Constitution. The Charter had several purposes; the first is â€Å"to outline and guarantee the political rights of Canadian citizens, as well as the civil rights of anyone who is residing on the territory of Canada† (The Canadian Charter. 1). Secondly, â€Å"It balances the rights of legislatures and courts through the ‘notwithstanding’ clause, which gives the federal and provincial parliaments limited powers to override court decisions â€Å", while section 2 of the bill enshrines the freedom of the press, allowing the media to release controversial reports without fear of the state (Ibbitson. 2012). thirdly, it criminalized discrimination in society, government rulings and the judicial system and provides a set of ethical principles for all Canadians to follow, while promoting equality throughout the country. Social discrimination was widespread in Canada at the turn of the 20th Century. Many groups were discriminated against such as minorities and women. This was evident through the introduction of Clifford Sifton’s head tax, the â€Å"enemy aliens† and unbalanced gender equality between men andShow MoreRelatedCharter Of Rights And Freedoms1345 Words   |  6 Pages Charter of Rights and Freedoms The Canadian constitution is the foundation that forms and brings together our nation government and its legal system. You can also consider the constitution as a rulebook. It contains rules and regulations that political parties must follow in order to adopt, amend, or revoke a law. The constitution has three main sources. In 1867 the British North American Act passed, which was the first source of the constitution. A change was made to the BNA act and was patriatedRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe Charter of Rights and Freedoms entrenched under the CA 1982 act in the Canadian constitution is seen as a decisive indicator of national identity by the majority of Canadians. The charter’s role in Canadian society ranges from providing individuals with intrinsic human rights such as freedom of expression, freedom of belief and acts particularly as a concrete limit on ‘tyranny of the majority’, advocating and enforcing basic righ ts of individuals and minorities. It is however worthy to note thatRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe Charter of Rights and Freedoms is part of the Constitution and it was added to the Constitution in 1982. The Constitution has many laws about the essential guidelines one must follow in our country. It also governs how the government/ organizations should treat their citizens. The Charter allows the citizens and newcomers to feel like they are appreciated and also safe. However, there are situations where the Charter cannot protect you. The Charter can be stretched and can be looked at from differentRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe Charter of Rights and Freedoms has significantly enhanced the power of the judiciary in Canada. Within the Supreme Court of Canada judges have been given the judiciary power and this amount of power is not excessive. Again, in the Supreme Court of Canada judges are federally a ppointed. Most of these appointments are made by the minister of Justice after Cabinet consultation and approval. In some other cases, appointments are made by the Prime Minister. Judges are public officers chosen to ruleRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe Charter of Rights and Freedoms was constructed to replace the Bill of Rights, 1960. In the 1960’s-1970’s Quebec was extremely discontent with being apart of Canada due to the language barer and being a minority. Many citizens in Quebec even wanted to separate themselves from Canada and form their own nation. Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau decided that the new charter in order to ensure the rights of people residing in Quebec. In order to do this Trudeau had to create an amending formula for theRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1934 Words   |  8 PagesThe Charter of Rights and Freedoms is part of Canada’s written constitution called the Constitution Act in 1982 it was the second main aspect of the Act and it guaranteed fundamental, democratic, legal, egalitarian, and linguistic rights and freedoms against government intrusion, it imposed f ormal new limitations on the governments in interaction with its citizens. The charter has made society more equitable for visible minorities through its use of its Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and SectionRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedoms2537 Words   |  11 PagesThis essay will argue the reasons behind the notwithstanding clause remaining within the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In this paper, I will provide reasons as to why the clause should be kept within the Charter beginning with the arguments that it is an essential element in critical policy decisions being made by politicians and it s hard to remove which requires the amending formula to be used if changes are to be made. On the other side, its use in policy can create grave and problematicRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1363 Words   |  6 Pages The phenomenon of entrenching the Charter of Rights and Freedoms is not new to Canadian citizens, but it is a notion that is perceived in se veral ways. Many view it as a feature that disregards the fundamental right to democracy, an integral part of Canada’s political system. A functioning democracy is an important factor in providing citizens with the utmost rights and freedoms deserved. Society’s full potential is not being achieved if there are individuals who believe their principle of democracyRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1596 Words   |  7 PagesPrime Minister Pierre Trudeau was establishing the renowned Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Since the three decades of being established, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms has protected the individual rights and freedoms of thousands of Canadians. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms has become a part of the national identity and has become a big patriotic symbol for the country. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms is the document the truly separates Canada from all the other powerful nations and isRead MoreThe Charter Of Rights And Freedom2222 Words   |  9 Pagesthe Charter of Rights Freedoms a mistake? It is believed that the Charter s creation was a significant benefit as it guarantees certain political rights to Canadian citizens and civil rights of everyone in Canada from the policies and actions of all areas and levels of government. However, many believe the Charter makes Canada more like the United States, especially by serving corporate rights and individual rights rather than group rights and social rights. Also, there are several rights that

Depression Among The Hiv Victims Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

The survey aims at mensurating the degrees of depression among the HIV victims. The sample consists of two groups of the same gender i.e. We will write a custom essay sample on Depression Among The Hiv Victims Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now adult females, viz. married and single ( individual ) adult females, between the age group of 25 to 35. Hence, the sample comprises of 60 adult females, 30 of each belonging to get married and single ( individual ) class severally. The sample besides belongs to the patients fit in to the governmental rehab centre, and they are being administered by the research worker through the standardised questionnaire – depression graduated table designed by Aaron T. Beck. The scale touches assorted facets like temper, , self-dissatisfaction, guilt, self-destructive thoughts, societal backdown, pessimism, sense of failure, deficiency of satisfaction, guilty feeling, sense of penalty, self hate, self accusals, self-punitive wants, shouting enchantments, crossness, indecision, organic structure image, work suppression, sleep perturbation, fatigability, loss of appetency, weight loss, bodily preoccupation, and loss of libido. Introduction Everyone feels down or at loss at some clip or the other during his or her life. In fact, ephemeral feelings of unhappiness or disheartenment are absolutely normal, peculiarly during hard times. Life is full of emotional ups and downs. But when the â€Å" down † times are long lasting or interfere with an person ‘s ability to map, that individual may be enduring from a common, but terrible emotional reverse which is universally known as depression. ( NIMH ) .Depression is an unwellness which involves the organic structure, temper and ideas which affect the manner a individual chows and slumbers, the manner one feels about oneself and the manner one assumes about things. Depression is a province of low temper and repulsion to activity. ( NIMH ) A down individual might hold one or any of these inclinations like experiencing sad, dying, empty, detering, helpless, worthless, guilty and frequently loses involvement in activities which were enjoyable to them earlier. They migh t besides hold symptoms like loss of appetency or over feeding and even self-destructive ideations. depression is an change in temper which affects a individual ‘s ability to work twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours. ( NIMH ) In the most up-to-date study from 2000, the World Health Organization ( WHO ) reported that depression is the 4th most onerous disease in the universe, with more than 120 million people enduring from it worldwide and it is expected that by 2020 it will be the taking planetary disease load ( WHO ) . Depression can look at any age. Anybody can see depression, be it adolescents, teens, grownups and if looked from the gender position, both work forces and adult females. However, Womans are more likely to go more down than work forces. Womans are about twice every bit likely as work forces to see depression. â€Å" Womans are genuinely more down than work forces, chiefly due to their experience of being female in our modern-day civilization † ( Dr. Ellen McGrath, a psychologist in Brooklyn Heights ) . As with other serious unwellnesss such as malignant neoplastic disease, bosom disease or shot, nevertheless, HIV frequently can be accompanied by depression. Depression is a really common status for people with HIV ( Depression and HIV, October 12. 2009, AIDS info ) . HIV ( human immunodeficiency virus ) is a lentivirus which is a member of retrovirus household, that infects cells of the immune system, destructing or impairing their map. It causes AIDS ( acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ) , a status in worlds in which the immune system begins to neglect taking to life- baleful timeserving infections. The infection with HIV occurs due to the transportation of blood, seeds, vaginal fluid, pre- semen or chest milk. The four major paths of transmittal are insecure sex, contaminated acerate leafs, chest milk and transmittal from an septic female parent to her babe at birth ( perpendicular transmittal ) . HIV in worlds is considered pandemic by the World Health Organization ( WHO ) .HIV adult females are more likely to be depressed in comparing to work forces ( adult females and depression, November 2009 ) AIDS continues to be a major planetary wellness priority.The figure of people populating with HIV worldwide in 2008, was around 33.4 million, Of which the adult females constituted of 15.7 million.The entire figure of people populating with the virus in 2008 was more than 20 % higher than the figure in 2000. Asia which is place to 60 % of the universe ‘s population, and is following to the sub-Saharan Africa in footings of people populating with HIV ( 4.7 million ) in 2008. India being one of the most populated states of the universe, approximately half of Asia ‘s HIV prevalence. The proportion of adult females HIV rose from 19 % in 2000 to 35 % in 2008. It is estimated that around 2.3 million people are presently populating with HIV. ( UNAIDS ( 2008 ) ‘India: State Situation ‘ ) Theoretical base HIV being the deathly disease, researches have been go arounding around it. Surveies have been done in relation to depression and HIV ( Rabkin J, Rabkin R, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY. ) where the per centum of HIV-positive agony from depression and the badness of depression was measured. A survey found that depression was under-diagnosed among HIV-positive patients which was associated with emphasis, solitariness, low attachment, and insecure sex ( Depression in Patients With HIV Is Under-Diagnosed: A Cross-sectional Study in Denmark February 17, 2010 ) . Depression is common in people with sexually transmitted infections, a Canadian research workers study in the December edition of Sexually Transmitted Infection ( Michael Carter, Published: 18 December 2008 ) . The survey had 21500 individuals,15-49 old ages of age and it showed 8 % were sick persons of depression and work forces were less likely than adult females ( 6 % and 10 % severally ) . Some other rese arches aound this subject are Other reseaches are fects of Quality of Life and Coping on Depression among Adults Populating with HIV/AIDS ( C. Gore-Felton, C. Koopman, D. Spiegel, M. Vosvick, M. Brondino, and A. WinninghamEf, J Health Psychol, SeptemberA 1, A 2006 ; 11 ( 5 ) : 711 – 729. ) ; Use of Selective Serotonin-Reuptake Inhibitors in the Treatment of Depression in Adults with HIV ( J. Caballero and M. C NahataAnn. Pharmacother. , JanuaryA 1, A 2005 ; 39 ( 1 ) : 141 – 145. ) ; Predicting Fatigue and Depression in HIV-Positive Gay Men ( J. Barroso, J. S. Preisser, J. Leserman, B. N. Gaynes, R. N. Golden, and D. N. Evans, Psychosomatics, AugustA 1, A 2002 ; 43 ( 4 ) : 317 – 325. ) ; Depression among Patients with HIV/AIDS: A Treatment Dilemma ( G. P. Overman and S. L. Anderson, Journal of Pharmacy Practice, DecemberA 1, A 2001 ; 14 ( 6 ) : 540 – 550.0 ) . Depression kills HIV/Aids patients faster than the virus within them ( Nirmala M Nagaraj, Bangalo re, TNN, Dec 1, 2009 ) . It has besides proven that depression degrees are more in HIV+ adult females than HIV+ work forces ( Women and Depression, November 2009, but the matrimonial position of adult females had n’t been touched yet, hence research is ought to be done. Methodology The Beck ‘s Depression Inventory ( BDI ) , designed by Aaron. T. Beck, is being used to mensurate the degrees of depression among the HIV victims. It consists of 21 inquiries, each designed to measure a specific symptom common among the people with depression. BDI is divided into two chief subdivisions viz. , one comprising with the inquiries pertinent to emotional symptoms and the other incorporating inquiries pertinent to physiological symptoms. However, a 2nd version of the stock list ( BDI-II ) was besides developed but the 1st version of it is being personally administered by the research worker to the samples. The sample comprises of 30 adult females between the age group of 25-35, belonging to two different classs, married and single ( individual ) severally. Evaluation The critical rating has encounterd the undermentioned restrictions, and the survey would be executable because entree to the patients would be a officially permitted attack as the research worker would be provided with an hallmark missive from its establishment, which could be presented to the rehabilitation centres. Decision Depression though is common in both work forces and adult females, depression in the latter affects the household straight at that place by the society adamantly, peculiarly in India, where adult females are ever viewed weak and low-level to work forces. They are the more ignored slot and besides face terrible societal stigma in the society. Hence, this subject could keep good range in groking depression in adult females, and an effort is being made to switch the cogwheels towards the encouraging and soothing of the adult females victims. How to cite Depression Among The Hiv Victims Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Holden Essay Example For Students

Holden Essay The theme that the world has an outward appearance that seems fair and perfect but really theyreas Holden put it phonies. This is shown countless amount of times in his journey through NewYork and even before he left. The setting is in the 1950s; so Im pretty sure that he didnt encounterany transvestites, lesbians, or anything that extreme of phoniest. Or on the other hand he could haveliked them for being as Elmemson said a none conformist. But I doubt it, he seemed to like kidsmore than anything. And his job, as he felt, was to protect them in their innocents; of which I willtalk about in my second theme. The first example that stands out in my mind is the scene with Stradlater in the can. If youremember Stradlater was getting ready for his other date while Holden watched him. Stradlaterwas a secret slob in public he always looked good and got all the girls but in fact he was a slob. Hisrazor that made him look so good was rusty as hell and full on lather and hair and crap. Thispro ves that he is a slob to never clean it or anything. If you think about it thats even worst thanOld Ackley. At least Ackley knew that he had a problem, that he need to do something about hisface; but Stradlater thought that he was a great guy. He actually thought that there was nothingwrong with never washing his razor. I think that what mad, Holden so made Stradlater wasperpetrating in other word being phony every time he went out all GQ after using that filthy razor. Another instance is when he calls that girl in New York, Faith Cavendish, that Eddie Birdsell hadbrought to a dance at Princeton. Anyway he called her and she almost went off until Holdendrooped Eddies name. Then all of a sudden she was getting friendly as hell. The same person saidif you think I enjoy bein woke up in the middle- was getting an english accent all of a sudden. Ithink Holden caught her with her faade down. When she first picked up the phone she was mad asanybody else would be in her shoes. But as soon a s she processed Eddie Birdsell from Princetonshe became so amicable. She most of thought that a friend of Eddie, from Princeton, most havebeen rich or at lest well off. Faith was all ready to hook up with him for a date until she askedWhere ya callin from? Where ya at now, anyways? And in a phone booth was the wronganswer. When he said that she new he had no money and from that point on she had no time tomeet up any more. This is a good example of the phoniest that Holden will talk about all throughbook. Oh and one I almost missed it is a little before the conversation with Faith it is a very importantevent. When J.D. Salinger had Holden look about of the window I think it was a big simile, of whichI think about more in theme number 3, of the theme of the book. Im sure Holden didnt ride all theway to New York to pick a run down hotel. So I take it when he drove up it probably looked goodon the outside. He even took it off referring to the red hunting hat before I checked inI didnt w antto look like a screwball or something. So we can assume it was nice, or at lest on the outside. Salinger even throw Holden foreshadowed a little in the line I didnt know then that the goddamhotel was full of perverts and morons. The first guy he saw out his room window took out all thesewomens clothes, and put them on. Then he started walking around like a women, smoking acigarette, and looking in the mirror. And now I guest I have to take back my sentence abouttransvestites in the opening paragraph. Second he saw a couple squiring water and they were inhysterics the whole time, a little strange. You see the outside of the hotel represents what society isor tries to be, all nice and neat. And the people acting silly in the rooms are what we a really like. Imnot saying we are all perverts but we all have two different personalities; one outside and one insideclosed doors. Since Im will into the second page and its past my bed time or at lest it feels like it is this is the lastone for this theme. The one I had in mind is the one the date he had with Sally. From the jump shewas p hony. Holden had already talked to her dad and told him how it was, but she still asked how itwas. Holden when call her quite a little phony, she even sounded phony through the book withlines like Id love to grand. And when they got through with the play on the Lunts it didnt get anybetter. They ran into this guy that Sally knew and both of their phoniest began to shine. Youvethough that they hadnt seen each other for twenty years they probably even hugged and kissedchecks and all. And the funny thing is that they probably met each other only once. And from thatpoint on they went on a quest to outname the other. They both kept thinking of places as fast asthey could trying to get the upper-hand in a game of illusion. They both were trying to, I guest,show they are more popular than the other by making it seem like they known all these places andpeople, when in actuality they were two big phonies. The next Theme of this story that I want to talk about is the significance of the novel s title. First ofall I have to say why the book was entitle as it was The Catcher in the Rye. The title of the book isa mystery all the way until chapter 21 when he sneaked back home to see Phoebe. When Phoebefronted him about getting kicked out of school again saying you dont like anything Holden wasforced to come up with something he would enjoy to be or do. After minutes of pondering Holdensaid Id just be the catcher in the rye and all. He just wanted to save the little innocent kids fromfalling. The kids I think represent the innocents of the young just playing and when they fall off thecliff they discover the world. He wants to protect them and keep them pure will. All through thestory Salinger used Holden as the catcher on the rye to protect or try to protect the innocents ofkids. The biggest and most memorial of this protection is when he went to Phoebe elementary school totalk to her before he had to leave. Anyway he saw the word fuck you on the hall walls and it drovehim da m near crazy. He couldnt stand the idea that Phoebe or her friend had seen that on the wall. John Rocker EssayWriters like Edgar Allen are obvious that they have a deeper meaning. But with Salinger its hard totell if this is a simple story of a boy rebelling or is it a great big metaphor for the world and how weare. Now if you ask him I,m sure he would say oh thats what meant exactly, and he might as wellhave meant that; but who is to say. English

Solar Energy in the United Arab Emirates

Table of Contents Introduction Solar Energy in the UAE Implementation of Solar Energy Uses of Solar Power Discussion and Conclusion Bibliography Footnotes Introduction Most of the world economy is build around the consumption of fossil fuel and over time; it has come to the attention of the world that overreliance on these energy sources is not sustainable.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Solar Energy in the United Arab Emirates specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The overuse of fossil fuels has led to environmental repercussions such as the global warming phenomena which the world currently faces. The UAE boasts of huge reserves of oil which are expected to last for many decades to come. Even so, the government is keen to diversify on its energy sources so as to ease its dependency on fossil fuels1. Power needs are experiencing strong growth in the UAE with research indicating that the energy demands of Dubai are going to double by the year 2015. Solar energy which is a renewable natural resource has been earmarked as a feasible energy source to combat the problem of overreliance on fossil fuels. This report will discuss solar energy in the UAE with focus being given to the manner in which solar energy has been harnessed and used in the UAE. Solar Energy in the UAE The governments of the UAE have been devoted to looking for strategies to diversify their energy sources. Solar energy has emerged as a feasible solution since the United Arab Emirates has an abundance of solar radiation which makes solar power plants practical especially during summer time when the temperature levels are especially high. Construction costs for solar generation plants remain significantly higher than those of thermal generation which makes solar plants unattractive for many investors. The government of Abu Dhabi has addressed this issue by offering incentives to solar energy produces so as to make solar plants commercially viable. The success of the solar power initiatives in the UAE is largely attributed to the wide range of financial incentives that the UAE government has offered to the companies that are prepared to advance the growth and operation of solar energy plants2. Implementation of Solar Energy A number of technologies have been developed to assist in the harnessing of solar power form the sun. The UAE makes use of the two most popular technologies which are; thermal and photonic solar technologies.Advertising Looking for report on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Concentrating Solar Power The prevalent thermal solar technology used all over the world is the concentrating solar power technology and for large scale production of electricity, the UAE makes use of CSP power technology. This technology is developed on the basis that the sun’s raw radiation, while sufficient enough to heat surfaces, lacks the density required for the production of electricity3. The density of the sun’s raw radiation therefore has to be significantly increased if solar energy is to be utilized for electricity production. The density is increased through concentrating which makes use of lenses or mirrors. The concentrated solar energy is then used to provide electricity by using the high temperature heat to heat water into vapor which then turns turbines therefore generating electric power. The CSP technology utilized in the UAE makes use of parabolic trough concentrators and solar towers to concentrate sunlight. In parabolic trough concentrators, trough-shaped parabolic mirrors which track the sun along a single axis are laid out on fields and used to concentrate the sun’s rays onto a tube that contains a heat transfer fluid4. The heat transfer fluid passes through a heat exchanger to produce high-temperature steam that powers a turbine. In the case of solar towers, a single recei ver is place on top of a tower with a field of tracking mirrors, or heliostats, reflecting the sun’s rays onto the receiver. These mirrors are adjustable and they use monitors to enable them to trace the sun’s motion across the sky therefore ensuring that they always receive the optimal level of radiation. This concentrated sunlight is then moved to receiver tubes which contain a running heat transfer fluid. The heat absorbs is used to heat the liquid producing superheated steam which is then used to run conventional turbines to produce electricity5.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Solar Energy in the United Arab Emirates specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Photovoltaic (PV) systems The UAE also makes use of photovoltaic systems which make use of solar panels to directly change solar energy into usable electricity. The electricity generated through PV systems can be used directly by end consumers o r it can be channeled into the grid. PV systems have low operation and maintenance requirements which make them very desirable. To increase the energy output of PV cells, mirrors and lenses can be used to concentrate the incoming solar radiation to the cells6. The UAE solar plant relies on large scale PV modules that will be used by the Masdar solar plant7. The most effective silicon solar cells are made from â€Å"pure monocrystalline silicon† which is very expensive due to the sophisticated processes required to produce them8. Polycrystalline PV cells can act as alternatives since they are easier and cheaper to manufacture and hence commercially viable. In the past years, the growth in PV systems has been deterred by the prohibitive cost of the technology. This has changed in part due to the significant decrease in silicon prices in recent years. The UAE has also made use of thin film technologies to supplement the use of refined silicon solar cells. These technologies whil e having a downside of concerting less of the sun’s energy to electricity (11% compared to 20% for silicon panels) have the merits of lower costs and ability to capture diffuse light which makes them more efficient than silicon cells on cloudy days9. Uses of Solar Power The UAE has engaged in commendable efforts to make use of solar power as an alternative energy source. The UAE has in place a 10 MW solar photovoltaic plant that is acting as the primary electricity provide for the construction of Masdar City which is going to be a carbon-neutral city on completion. The UAE experiences high demand for energy in buildings as a result of the hot climate which makes cooling a necessity for the comfort of building occupants. Air conditioning requires significant energy resources and solar energy can be used to meet this demands.Advertising Looking for report on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Traditionally, the cooling systems have relied on electricity produced through fossil fuels. This has led to increased use of fossil fuels as well as climatic degradation. THE UAE has made use of solar assisted absorption cooling which significantly reduces the energy consumptions of buildings. A major problem that faces solar energy is that it requires high cost to produce as well as distribute. The government has come supported the moves to include solar generated electricity into the national grid. As such, the solar generated electricity is used by domestic consumers as the electricity is sold to the grid. As of June 2009, the Masdar solar photovoltaic plant was linked to the Abu Dhabi electricity grid therefore delivering the solar generated electricity to industries and domestic consumers10. Solar energy has also been used to power some industries during the day. This has been possible since the peak energy consumption of most industries is during the day which is also the tim e when the optimal levels of energy are achieved by solar plants since the sun radiates most heat during the day Discussion and Conclusion Solar energy resources are critical elements for the achievement of sustainable development and they will help the UAE to achieve important economic, environmental and social objectives. As it currently stands, technology has not been developed to efficiently harness solar energy so as to make it a feasible alternative source of renewable energy. Even so, efforts are underway to improve the efficiency of solar energy. The solar power initiatives by the UAE have reduced the environmental impacts that the energy needs of the region cause. These initiatives are also bringing the region closer to achieving a sustainable energy future by reducing the dependency on fossil fuels. This report set out to discuss the implementation of solar energy in the UAE. It has been documented that despite having an immense oil reserve within its boundaries, the emira tes is determined to lessen its reliance on fossil fuels and make use of renewable energy sources. By use of PV systems and concentrating solar power technology, the UAE has emerged as a leader in solar energy production in the Middle East. This report demonstrates that the UEA is ready to embrace renewable energy technology, specifically solar power, so as to achieve desirable environmental and economic objectives. Bibliography European Commission. Concentrating Solar Power: From Research to Implementation. Belgium: European Communities, 2007. Gurmit, Singh. Exploit Nature-Renewable Energy Technologies. New Delhi: Aditya Books Pvt. Ltd., 2009. Moselle, Boaz. Harnessing Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems: Theory, Practice, Policy. New York: Earthscan, 2010. Oxford Business Group. The Report: Abu Dhabi 2009. Oxford: Oxford Business Group, 2009. Footnotes 1 Oxford Business Group, The Report: Abu Dhabi 2009 (Oxford: Oxford Business Group, 2009), 186. 2 ibid., p. 187. 3 European commission, Concentrating Solar Power: From Research to Implementation, (Belgium: European Communities, 2007), 7. 4 Boaz Moselle, Harnessing Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems: Theory, Practice, Policy (New York: Earthscan, 2010), 10. 5 European Commission, op. cit., p. 9. 6 Boaz, op. cit., p.13. 7 Singh Gurmit, Exploit Nature-Renewable Energy Technologies (New Delhi: Aditya Books Pvt. Ltd., 2009), 348. 8 Boaz, op. cit., p. 13. 9 Oxford Business Group, op. cit., p. 186. 10 ibid., p. 186. This report on Solar Energy in the United Arab Emirates was written and submitted by user June Buck to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Finding TOEFL Essay Topic Samples

Finding TOEFL Essay Topic SamplesThe TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) essay is considered by most English language learners to be the gold standard in assessing an essay writing skill. This is partly because it requires just the right combination of skills that are essential for producing a good, well-researched essay that is proficient in English. Moreover, the essays have been designed by a group of people who have devoted their time and effort to reading essays written by other people and then trying to improve them to the point where they are always better than the previous essays.However, it is easy to get overwhelmed when looking for TOEFL essay topic samples that are specifically tailored to the TOEFL essay. In fact, there are so many samples available on the internet that it can be hard to choose one. So how do you decide which sample should you use?The first thing you should look for is an essay that has an easy to understand structure. The format should be clea r, it should be engaging and it should flow seamlessly. If the essay you find is difficult to follow, the author probably did not put as much thought into it as they should have.The second thing you need to find is a sample essay with a clearly defined topic. Most samples contain a topic that covers a broad range of topics and may not be suitable for your essay topic. You should be able to tell what the essay is going to cover before you read the sample.The third aspect that you should be able to look for is a sample that contains details of the target topic. Ideally, a sample will contain all of the necessary details to help you understand the type of paper you are working on and thus help you organize and analyze the information you have gathered in your research.Once you have found a good set of sample essays, the next step is to choose the essay topic that best fits your subject. However, if you are having trouble choosing, it may be useful to turn to your teacher for advice.If you are unable to answer this question yourself, it may be helpful to hire a tutor for help. It is also possible to take a college class or an online course where you can be assigned a topic and asked to write about it.Finally, the final aspect you need to consider is whether the essay topic you have chosen is actually part of the test. This can be helpful if you want to prepare for the TOEFL essay because it allows you to focus on a small portion of the material, and this could lead to a more effective essay.

Definition and Examples of Embolalia in Speech

Definition and Examples of Embolalia in Speech The term embolalia refers to hesitation forms in  speech-meaningless filler words, phrases, or stammerings such as um, hmm, you know, like, okay, and uh. Also called  filler, spacers, and vocal filler. Embolalia comes from two Greek words meaning something thrown in. In The Painted Word (2013),  Phil Cousineau observes that embolalia is a near-perfect word to describe what we all do at some point in our liveswe throw words around without thinking about them. Examples and Observations Um, this is a fairly unique moment both in our, you know, in our country’s history, and, and in, in, you know, my own life, and um, you know, we are facing, you know, unbelievable challenges, our economy, you know, health care, people are losing their jobs here in New York obviously um, ah, you know. (Caroline Kennedy, in an interview conducted by Nicholas Confessore and David M. Halbfinger of The New York Times, Dec. 27, 2008)Mrs. Kennedy has managed variously to seem utterly opaque while lacking in the basic skills of plain speaking. There has been not a little mockery of her dependence in conversation on the verbal filler, you know. She was heard to utter it 138 times in a conversation with reporters from The New York Times. In a single TV interview she reportedly galloped past the 200 mark. Thats a lot of you knows. (David Usborne, Now Voters Turn Against Kennedys Stuttering Campaign. The Independent, Jan. 7, 2009)Uh, in a school. And my father, he was, uh, from the United States. Just like you, ya know? He was a Yankee. Uh, he used to take me a lot to the movies. I learn. I watch the guys like Humphrey Bogart, James Cagney. They, they teach me to talk. (Al Pacino as Tony Montana in the film Scarface Ive heard about it. I hope you goyou knowI hope you go back to the ranch and the farm is what Im about to say. (President George W. Bush, explaining that he hadnt yet seen the film Brokeback Mountain, Jan. 23, 2006) Throwing Words Around The nervous, I mean, stammering habit of, you know, inserting, I mean kinda throwing meaningless words into, you know, a sentence, when youre, ah, talking. Tossing in the word throw was no accident, as evident in its  root word, the Greek emballein, from em, in, and ballein, to throw in or at . . .. So embolalia turns out to be a sixty-four-dollar-word to describe the habit of throwing around words without thinking . . .. The habit is characterized by often uncontrollable utterances  (hmm, umm, errr), and is a cringeworthy nervous tic in languages everywhere. The cause may be a general deterioration of the spoken word, or a lack of respect for it, sheer nervousness, or a disdain for proper, poetic, or colorful use of the language. (Phil Cousineau,  The Painted Word: A Treasure Chest of Remarkable Words and Their Origins. Viva, 2013)​ In Defense of Verbal Stumbles Modish public speaking coaches will tell you that its OK to say uh or um once in a while, but the prevailing wisdom is that you should avoid such disfluencies or discourse particles entirely. Its thought that they repel listeners and make speakers appear unprepared, unconfident, stupid, or anxious (or all of these together). . . .But uh and um dont deserve eradication; theres no good reason to uproot them. . . . Filled pauses appear in all of the worlds languages, and the anti-ummers have no way to explain, if theyre so ugly, what euh in French, or h and hm in German, or eto and ano in Japanese are doing in human language at all. . . .In the history of oratory and public speaking, the notion that good speaking requires umlessness is actually a fairly recent, and very American, invention. It didnt emerge as a cultural standard until the early 20th century, when the phonograph and radio suddenly held up to speakers ears all the quirks and warbles that, before then, had flitted by. (Michael Erard, â€Å"An Uh, Er, Um Essay: In Praise of Verbal Stumbles.† Slate, July 26, 2011) Further Reading Filler WordsDiscourse MarkerDysfluencyEditing TermsPlaceholderRepair

Information About U.S. Architect Salaries and Jobs

Information About U.S. Architect Salaries and Jobs How much do architects earn? Whats the average starting salary for an architect? Can an architect earn as much as a doctor or a lawyer? Architects often supplement their income by teaching college-level courses. Some architects may even do more teaching than building things. Here are the reasons why. Salaries for Architects Many factors influence the salary an architect earns. Income varies greatly according to geographic location, type of firm, level of education, and years of experience. While published statistics can be outdated - the May 2017 statistics from the federal government were released on March 30, 2018 - they will give you a general idea of the salaries, wages, income, and benefits for architects. According to May 2017 data from the U.S. Department of Labor statistics, U.S. architects earn between $47,480 and  $134,610 a year, up from a range of $46,600 to $129,810 the previous year. Half of all architects earned $78,470 ($37.72 per hour) or more - and half earned less in 2017, but these figures are significantly more than the median in 2016. The mean (average) annual wage for 2017 was $87,500, up from $84,470 per year in 2016, and the mean hourly wage rate was $42.07. These figures exclude landscape and naval architects, the self-employed, and owners and partners of unincorporated firms. Landscape architects do not fare as well. According to May 2017 statistics from the U.S. Department of Labor, U.S. landscape architects earn between  $40,480 amd  $108,470 a year, which is up from $38,950 and $106,770 a year in 2016. Half of all landscape architects earn $65,760 ($31.62 an hour) or more - and half earn less. The mean (average) annual wage of a landscape architect is $70,880, and the mean hourly wage rate is $34.08, both up from the previous year. Job Outlook for Architects Architecture, like many other fields, is profoundly affected by the local and national economy, especially the real estate market. When people dont have money to build houses, they sure dont have the means to hire an architect. All architects go through good times and down times. Even the most famous architects have stories to tell  - Frank Lloyd Wright worked on his Usonian house design after the Great Depression;  Frank Gehry experimented with his own house during the economic stagnation of the 1970s; Louis Sullivan is said to have died penniless. Most architectural firms will have a combination of residential and commercial projects to hedge against these economic ups and downs. According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook, in 2016 the number of jobs for architects totaled 128,800. Competition is fierce for these opportunities. The U.S. government predicts that between 2016 and 2026, employment of architects will increase only 4 percent - slower than the average growth rate of 7 percent for all occupations. The job outlook for urban and regional planners, however, is predicted to be 13 percent, but there are far fewer jobs available. More Statistics, More Sources The professional organization for architects, the American Institute of Architects (AIA), provides an AIA Compensation Survey Calculator based on their own research. It is to the organizations benefit to provide information to newly hired architects, as part of their campaign to Know Your Worth: Are you compensated fairly? Its well-known that many entry-level architects feel taken advantage of at the start of their careers, and the AIA wants you to know that they are on your side with information transparency. For more employment statistics, check out the DesignIntelligence Compensation and Benefits Survey. This report draws data from hundreds of practices that offer design services such as architecture, design-build, engineering, interior design, landscape architecture, urban design, and industrial design. Thousands of full-time staff are represented in the survey. Design Intelligence is an independent research organization who regularly publish surveys and reports that they sell in the DI online bookstore. Online communities such as Archinect also provide data input by their online members. Remember that online polling has become technologically very easy to implement, sometimes making the results a little less than scientific. The Architecture Salary Poll from anonymously input survey data may not be as reliable as federal government data collection. You Are Your Own Architect Too many people think of four-year colleges as training schools - a place to pick up specific, marketable skills to find a job. However, the world changes quickly and a fixed set of skills can become obsolete almost immediately. Consider your undergraduate time as a way to lay the foundation, as though building a structure. The design of your life is based on your learning experiences. The most successful students are curious. They explore new ideas and reach beyond the curriculum. Choose a school that offers a strong program in architecture. But, while you are an undergraduate, be sure to take classes in other disciplines - science, math, business, and the arts. You do not need to earn a bachelors degree in architecture in order to become an architect. Even a degree in psychology can help you understand your future clients. Build the critical thinking skills youll need for an unpredictable future. If architecture remains your passion, your undergraduate studies will provide a solid foundation for a graduate degree in architecture.  You are the architect of your life. Anticipate the Future Architecture can open a world of career opportunities, especially when combined with other, seemingly unrelated skills. Perhaps youll discover a new type of housing, develop a hurricane-proof city, or design the interior rooms for a space station. The particular type of architecture you pursue could be one youve never imagined...perhaps one not yet invented. Some of the highest paying careers today did not exist 30 years ago. We can only guess the possibilities for the future. What will the world be like when youre at the peak of your career? Current trends suggest that the next 45 years will bring an urgent need for inventive, creative architects who can rise to the challenges posed by aging populations and global climate change. Green architecture, sustainable development, and universal design are becoming increasingly important. Meet these demands, and the money will follow. And, speaking of money... Does Architecture Pay? Painters, poets, and musicians struggle with the challenge of earning enough money to put food on the table. Architects - not so much. Because architecture incorporates science, engineering, and many other disciplines, the profession opens many avenues for earning income. While other professions may pay more, an architect who is flexible and creative is not likely to go hungry. Remember, too, that architecture is a business. Develop project management skills that will get jobs done on time and under budget. Also, if you can develop relationships and bring steady business to the architectural practice, youll be invaluable and well-paid. Architecture is a service, a profession, and a business. The bottom line, however, is whether architecture is your passion - whether you love design so much that you cant imagine spending your life any other way. If thats the case, the size of your paycheck becomes less important than the next new project. Know what drives you. Architecture is a great profession, but there are some key things to remember, 9/11 architect Chris Fromboluti told an interviewer at Life at HOK. Chris gave this advice to young architects: develop a thick skin, go with the flow, learn the profession, get into green design, dont be driven by money.... A future is the most important design an architect will ever make. Sources Occupational Employment Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2017, 17-1011 Architects, Except Landscape and Naval and 17-1012 Landscape Architects, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor [accessed May 13, 2018]Quick Facts: Architects, Occupational Outlook Handbook,  U.S. Department of Labor, https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/architects.htm [accessed May 13, 2018]Quick Facts: Urban and Regional Planners, Occupational Outlook Handbook,  U.S. Department of Labor, https://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/urban-and-regional-planners.htm [accessed May 13, 2018]Life at HOK at www.hoklife.com/2009/03/23/5-questions-for-cris-fromboluti/, HOK.com [accessed July 28, 2016]